The Cocos Keeling Islands are an important defence asset for Australia’s strategic deterrence, positioned in the Indian Ocean, these islands provide a very important forward operating base for Australia and potentially our allies. Unlike Diego Garcia, Australia owns the islands outright, so there is no issue of having to hand the islands back. However, there is an indigenous population that needs to be considered.

With the British set to hand back Diago Garcia to Mauritius and then lease the islands back, there could be future issues with this base in the future. This Indian Ocean asset requires significant investment and construction, the base could potentially house radar infrastructure, missile defences, and fighter jets. Currently reconnaissance aircraft utilise the airstrip, there are issues where the runways and taxiways require strengthening and lengthening. Unlike Diego Garcia, I do not see B-52 strategic bombers stationed there. The Diego Garcia B-52 strategic bombers can be relocated to RAAF Tindal in the Northern Territory, they do not need to be sent back to the United States.
If Australia was to jointly operate the base with AUKUS partners the United Kingdom and the United States, then this could potentially replace some of the functions of Diego Garcia. I would not expect B-52 bombers operating from that airstrip, the airstrip is scheduled to be upgraded to handle P-8C Poseidon reconnaissance aircraft. Previously P-3 Orion aircraft could only operate from the airstrip, this was somewhat limiting. Fighter jets are unlikely to be stationed at the Cocos Keeling Islands right now to protect the western approaches to Western Australia and the significant infrastructure in the region, but remain an option with in-air refuelling capabilities.
The Royal Australian Navy also uses the base for some limited operations, the primary operator is the Royal Australian Air Force. There are approximately 600 residents on the island, people can also travel to the island for holidays, scuba diving and fishing is pretty good too. The fishing would be pretty decent as well, I have seen some dive and fishing tours advertised, demand is minimal right now. Visitors are capped at 144 people at any one time, there is not much tourism infrastructure or demand and I don’t know who is making tourism investment.
With an army presence, forward operating radar systems could track shipping through the important bottlenecks of the Straits of Malacca, Lombok Straight, and Suunda Straight. This would squeeze potential adversaries such as China from these important shipping routes. Anti-access area denial would be an important strategic outcome creating a blockade of Chinese shipping. With significant missile defences on the islands including anti-shipping, anti-aircraft, and long-range strike capabilities, the Cocos Keeling Islands have the potential to be a fortified island defence to rival Chinese offensive assets in the South China Sea.









